Laryngeal papillomatosis is a common disease. A few years ago, the only possible method to treat the problem was surgery, over time conservative methods to treat the disease appeared.
Reason
The papillomas in the throat appear due to the growth of connective tissue and epithelium. These formations are benign in nature. However, this does not mean that they should be ignored.
Outwardly, the tumors look like honeycombs of red or pink color. Rarely, single copies appear. Usually multiple formations.
They occur on the tongue, directly in the larynx, on the roof of the mouth and vocal cords, on the dome of the tonsils, on the pharynx, and on the windpipe.
The most dangerous are papillomas located in the throat, which interferes with the normal functioning of the respiratory tract. These are masses that develop on the bronchi and windpipe. They lead to serious consequences and complications.
Papillomas appear in the throat if HPV is activated.
This occurs under the following conditions:
- the presence of infectious diseases such as scarlet fever, measles;
- reduced immunity;
- air pollution in the residence area;
- the presence of chronic diseases of the nose, throat and ears;
- vocal cord tension.
There is a term "juvenile papilloma". They suffer because of children. At that time, many papillomas in the throat block the larynx, hindering the normal breathing process.
Adults with HPV infection in the trachea or bronchi can develop a malignancy, provided it is left untreated. However, even surgical intervention does not guarantee that the formations will not reappear.
Papillomas in the throat: symptoms
In the early stages, the problem may not manifest itself.
But as the warts grow, symptoms are observed:
- Rapidly breath;
- the appearance of hoarseness, cough for no reason, heaviness in the throat;
- problems with the endocrine system;
- any changes in the respiratory system;
- cough, accompanied by secretion of sputum or even blood;
- lump in the throat.
In children, papillomas in the throat can be manifested by the following symptoms:
- asthma attacks due to edema in the airways;
- the appearance of shortness of breath;
- difficulty in carrying out the respiratory process;
- hoarse voice;
- violations in the development of the child.
How can you get infected?
Papillomavirus is transmitted through contact with an infected person.
This can happen in a number of ways:
- Sexual route. In particular, the risk of developing papillomas is great for those who have a promiscuous sex life.
- Household way. When using a towel, blanket, as well as in common areas.
- Through a kiss
- When there is a wound or small crack.
- self-infection;
- When passing through the birth canal (from an infected mother to her baby).
Who is at risk?
Most often, HPV in the throat occurs in children with infections involving the ENT organs. These include pharyngitis, tonsillitis, tracheitis, purulent otitis media, laryngitis.
Throat papillomatosis is most common in people between the ages of 20 and 45.
In the risk factor, a person has bad habits, often experiences stress, unhealthy lifestyle.
There are several indirect factors that can provoke the development of throat papillomas:
- taking hormonal drugs;
- live in an area with high levels of air pollution;
- secondhand smoke;
- violation in the care of the oral cavity;
- hormonal failure in the body;
- the presence of genetic factors;
- stress.
Types of HPV in the Throat
There are many ways to classify papillomas located in the throat.
Here's how the diseases are broken down by age:
- Congenital (ie the infection occurs in the uterus).
- Children.
- Acquired (during sexual intercourse or in the country).
- Adults.
- Periodic.
Another division is based on the degree of growth of the papilloma:
- a limited option, when the spread of the formation occurs in a certain area in the throat;
- common form, where papillomas are scattered everywhere;
- gag type. In this case, bacterial growth interferes with the movement of air through the respiratory tract.
According to the state of the respiratory system and the presence of symptomatic manifestations, the disease can be:
- Head compensation level. It is characterized by mild difficulty in breathing in and out, hoarseness in appearance.
- Second level of compensation. Shortness of breath occurs, the body does not have enough oxygen, a constant feeling of anxiety appears, cold sweat appears, the skin begins to turn pale.
- Third degree, when breathing stops completely. The patient is unconscious due to asphyxiation.
Depending on the presence of carcinogenic properties, papillomas in the throat can be:
- light;
- malignant.
Localization of papillomas
Tumors can be located directly in the throat, on any part of it, or on the larynx. Which of them is dangerous?
These tumors arise in the throat affecting the tonsils. There are papillomas on the soft palate or lateral wall. Rarely, formations on the vocal cords may be found. Don't confuse a papilloma on the tonsils with an obstruction.
In the second case, there was a taste of pus in the mouth. It is not possible to independently determine what it is specifically ⏤. You need to contact an expert.
If this is a cork, then it is enough to rinse the problem area. If it is a papilloma on the tonsils, then the doctor will prescribe an effective treatment method. It can be conservative or surgical treatment.
Papilloma of the larynx is very dangerous. These tumors can interrupt the patient's speech, obstruct the breathing process. It is important that this problem occurs in children.
Due to the significantly impaired airway lumen, laryngeal papillomas can cause asphyxiation, hypoxia and death.
Diagnosing papillomas in the throat
Before proceeding with the treatment of papillomas, the doctor will prescribe a number of diagnostic measures.
Papillomatosis of the throat can be detected using:
- Laryngoscopy - study of the problem area using a special laryngoscope.
- Histology - study of papillary tissues. Usually done after the tumor has been removed or after a biopsy.
- Microlaryngoscopy - allows you to consider all the nuances of the appearance of education.
- Electrocardiogram - helps determine the type of papilloma (benign or malignant).
- X-ray - determines how common the problem is in the throat.
Conservative treatment
Throat papillomas can be treated conservatively. The most common method is chemotherapy. It is done with the help of drugs, which are based on chemicals.
They are applied to the affected areas, for these purposes they are used:
- Potassium permanganate.
- salicylic acid.
- Silver nitrate salt.
- Sulfuric acid.
- Perhydrol.
- Nitric acid.
The cauterization process must be performed by a qualified person. There are a number of substances that are banned due to their high toxicity for the treatment of children.
Another conservative method is radiation therapy. Its main task is to destroy diseased cells. This modern method has recently become increasingly popular for removing papillomas.
Removal of tumors in the throat and with the help of radiation therapy. The main advantage of this method is that it does not hurt or leave scars, the wound heals quickly, and the recurrence is excluded.
Doctors prescribe antiviral drugs, recommend taking immunostimulating drugs.
Get rid of papillomas in the throat
Experts say that the only correct and effective treatment option is surgical removal of the papilloma.
For this, the appropriate method is chosen:
- lasers;
- radio wave method;
- coldness;
- laryngoscopy;
- capacitor coagulation.
It is not possible to remove the tumor on its own. High chance of papillomatosis. This will lead to the rapid degeneration of a benign tumor into a cancerous one. Only a surgeon can successfully perform the surgery.
Surgery is contraindicated to remove the tumor in children. This leads to complete cessation of breathing. These methods are not used in childhood.
Treatment with folk remedies
There are a number of folk medicines, using them can get rid of papillomas in the throat. They are based on natural herbs and plants. The simple remedy is to eat 1 large spoonful of fresh honey daily.
Drinking bay leaves will help to cope with the problem. They are poured with boiling water and kept in a thermos overnight. During the day, the resulting drug is taken orally. The course of treatment with the drug is 2 weeks.
An effective recipe is a mixture of chopped horseradish with honey. Components are taken in equal proportions. You need to receive a spoonful of money every day. The gel is placed on the tongue, and after a few seconds it is washed off with water.
Since ancient times, people have treated localized papillomas in the throat by drinking a decoction of a mixture of bird cherry, thyme, licorice, blackcurrant, raspberry, coltsfoot, and medlar. The drug is taken one hour after eating for 3 months.
You can not treat the problem with folk recipes. The sooner a patient sees a doctor, the sooner a highly qualified support can be received, which will help avoid consequences.